盖子红七彩神仙形态指标分析及其雌雄鉴别模型建立

测定和分析了138尾盖子红七彩神仙的形态学性状,并建立了雌雄个体的判别模型。对22项直观测量性状的主成分分析和21项标准化比例性状的R聚类分析,两者均显示盖子红七彩神仙的个体差异主要集中在体型大小、头部宽度、鱼鳍长度和宽度方面。对21项标准化比例性状进行T-检验,结果表明在雌雄间这些性状均差异不显著。以21项标准化比例性状为预选参数,通过逐步判别,建立了判别方程,对群体识别的正确率为80.2%。用32尾盖子红七彩神仙对这一判别方程进行识别验证,识别的正确率为84.4%。     

猪粪秸秆不同物料比对固体产酸发酵效果的影响

在沼液回流的条件下,研究猪粪和秸秆固体产酸发酵过程中,不同原料配比（猪粪与秸秆质量比分别为4︰1、2︰1、1︰1、1︰3和0︰1即纯秸秆）对产酸发酵效果的影响。试验结果表明：增加发酵原料猪粪比例有利于调节发酵体系pH值,但酸化液中氨氮质量浓度较高;沼液回流能有效避免体系过酸现象;上述不同原料质量配比产酸发酵产物以乙酸为主,试验周期内,累积产乙酸质量分别占各反应器挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）总质量的80.8%、81.8%、77.1%、78.3%和73.8%,酸化液中丙酸质量浓度均低于1.6 g/L,累积产生质量分别占各反应器VFAs总质量的4.8%、2.8%、7.2%、6.5%和8.4%。综合分析表明,猪粪与秸秆比为2︰1时,发酵过程中产酸效果优于其他配比试验。     

基于HJ-1卫星影像的三大农作物估产最佳时相选择

对于农作物遥感估产,精确选择最佳估产时相是关键环节。该文利用中国自行研发的HJ-1卫星CCD影像对黑龙江八五二农场3大作物（水稻、玉米、大豆）进行遥感估产的最佳时相选择,通过构建小波变换滤波方法和移动平均法的时序NDVI曲线数据,并依据平滑后的时序NDVI曲线分别确定3大作物的遥感估产最佳时相。研究结果表明,从平滑后的时序NDVI曲线中识别出来的3大作物的关键生长期与当地作物的物候期相对比,水稻生长期拟合误差为-0.003356508,玉米生长期拟合误差为-0.001687117,大豆生长期拟合误差为-0     

日本托特螨的生物学特性

日本托特螨（Tortonia sp.）是盗寄生性携播型螨类的一种。本研究通过室内人工饲养观察,对来源于日本的日本托特螨的形态特征进行了描述;并明确了此螨是营生于授粉昆虫——角额壁蜂（Osmia cornifrons（Radoszkowski））的巢筒育房中,属于盗寄生兼腐生性的螨类。在日本,此螨的年生活相有3相,以Ⅲ相中的幼螨、第1和第3若螨、成螨以及携播型第2若螨的虫态在壁蜂育房内过冬;成螨雌雄性比为1：1,无孤雌生殖,雌螨一生产卵量为（264.0±34.0）粒;各螨态在16～32℃温度条件下总发育历期为（52.1±5.5）～（14.7±2.0）d;此螨以寄主壁蜂贮存的食粮——花粉团和壁蜂的粪便为食料,26℃条件下取食这两种食料的发育历期虽有差异,但都能顺利生长发育并完成世代。本研究为日本托特螨的识别和防控提供了依据。     

Denitrification characteristics of pond sediments in a Chinese agricultural watershed

Ponds are widely distributed in rice-based agricultural watersheds, particularly in southern China, and may play an important role in nitrate (     ) removal. However, the denitrification rate of pond sediment, measured using the acetylene (C₂H₂) inhibition technique, indicated that the amount of nitrogen removed by denitrification accounted for <1% of the total nitrogen applied. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of sediment depth and temperature on denitrification of pond sediment using the C₂H₂ inhibition technique. The highest denitrification potential was found in the upper 5 cm of sediment, but this only accounted for approximately 34% of the total denitrification of the upper 0–30 cm of sediment, suggesting that sediment denitrification potential would be underestimated if only the upper 5 cm of sediment was measured. The denitrification potential was low and showed a weak response over a temperature range of 6–18°C, whereas denitrification increased significantly from 18 to 30°C, indicating that denitrification may play an important role in the removal of     in warm seasons. A comparison of the     disappearance and C₂H₂ inhibition methods showed that they were significantly ( P  < 0.01) and positively correlated. However, the C₂H₂ inhibition method gave only approximately 25% of the values determined by the     disappearance method.     

钻头牙轮三维实体造型的设计

以UG为二次开发平台，采用参数化设计思想，利用UG／OPEN GRIP语言编程，对钻头牙轮三维实体造型进行了研究。利用GRIP语言直接读取牙轮轮廓曲线数据，生成了牙轮三维实体，同时实现了在牙轮布齿锥面上生成齿孔和生成简单牙轮轴承的三维实体造型。通过该软件的应用，可以极大的缩短钻头牙轮的设计周期，提高产品的设计质量。     

流动改进剂降低含水原油转相点试验

针对大庆油田地面集输管路中含水原油随含水率的增大导致其流变性发生的情况,开展了在室内水平管试验装置中向含水原油中加入DODE系列流动改进剂后的流动试验,探讨了DODE系列流动改进剂对含水率与表观粘度之间关系的影响规律.试验结果表明,含水原油中添加DODE系列流动改进剂可以使含水原油的转相点提前到35%～45%之间,提前形成具有适度稳定性的水包油型原油乳状液,显著降低了原油的表观粘度,改善了原油的低温流动性能,并且节能降耗.     

牡荆油自乳化释药系统的制备

通过溶解度试验、处方试剂筛选和相图绘制,以形成乳剂的乳化程度和乳滴粒径大小为指标,对牡荆油处方中的表面活性剂、助表面活性剂进行筛选,寻找牡荆油自乳化制剂的最佳处方配比。试验结果表明,以牡荆油为油相,Tween-80或EL-40为乳化剂,以无水乙醇为助乳化剂均能形成较好的自乳化体系,最佳处方为牡荆油Tween-80乙醇=432。     

变时相生长模型技术及其在小班数据更新中的应用

小班数据更新是地方森林资源监测和资源档案管理的需要，实现它的必要条件是建立小班动态数据库和建立小班数据更新模型。本文着重对后者的现实林分建模中每年变化的大量的部分，采伐的问题处理，根据微变化调整原理，提出变时相生长模型技术，从而消除了误差逐年积累和放大的问题，提高了小班数据更新的可靠性。     

Effects of lunar phase and habitat depth on vertical migrationpatterns of the sergestid shrimp Acetes intermedius

ABSTRACT:   The effects of lunar phase and habitat depth on the verticalmigration patterns of the sergestid shrimp Acetes intermedius wereexamined based on seven field observations in coastal waters offsouth-western Taiwan. The results indicate that the pattern of nocturnalvertical movement of A. intermedius depends on the lunarphase. The shrimp evaded moonlight during the ascending period andthen the moon was used as a trigger for resuming an ascent towardsthe sea surface or descending towards the 10 m water layer.During the descending period, A. intermedius moved rapidlyto the bottom or to a middle water depth at 50–80 mbefore sunrise. However, A. intermedius in waters of deepKaoping Canyon can also perform a slow descending migration thatcoincides with photosynthetically active radiation of 4 µmol/sper m². Because the density of A. intermedius onthe surface layer is affected by moonlight, the lunar phase is oneof the factors affecting the catch rate of large-skimming nets duringthe night in waters off south-western Taiwan.